Violence, Preparedness, and the Modern Workplace: Why Organisations Can No Longer Ignore Active Threat Risks

Violence, Preparedness, and the Modern Workplace: Why Organisations Can No Longer Ignore Active Threat Risks

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Workplace violence is no longer viewed as a rare or isolated risk. Across the United Kingdom, incidents of violence at work have continued to rise, while organisations globally are confronting increasingly complex operating environments shaped by geopolitical tensions, social volatility, insider threats, economic uncertainty, and growing societal polarisation. In this episode of The International Risk…

A scenic aerial shot of a boat navigating through the muddy Amazon River surrounded by lush rainforest.

Suriname’s Rainforests and the Global Climate: Extraction, Development, and the Future of the Guiana Shield

ByElla Burden

A carbon-negative state at the centre of a global ecological contradiction Climate discourse remains dominated by emissions targets, carbon markets, and the protracted choreography of international negotiations. Beneath these institutionalised debates lies a far more immediate and destabilising challenge: the gradual degradation of the ecological systems upon which modern economies fundamentally depend. Few countries illustrate…

Hungary’s Democratic Awakening: Dismantling Orbán’s Illiberal System After 16 Years

Hungary’s Democratic Awakening: Dismantling Orbán’s Illiberal System After 16 Years

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In this episode of The International Risk Podcast, host Dominic Bowen speaks with Zsuzsanna Szelényi, foreign policy specialist, former member of the Hungarian Parliament, and Programme Director at the CEU Democracy Institute, about Hungary’s dramatic political transformation following the end of Viktor Orbán’s 16-year rule. After 16 years of increasingly authoritarian governance, Hungary has voted…

A rusted and damaged military tank lies abandoned on a city street.

Unreported, Unregulated, Unresolved: Military Emissions and the Climate Crisis

ByElla Burden

Traditional approaches to transitional justice continue to treat environmental harm as a peripheral concern. In global climate diplomacy, the environmental cost of war predominantly exists outside formal accounting. Such an emission is becoming harder to sustain as conflicts intensify and military spending rises across major powers. When delegates gathered for COP30 in November 2025, the…

Intense fireball explosions with thick smoke in an outdoor setting.

The Iran War’s Hidden Front: Carbon, Fire and the Cost of Modern Warfare

ByElla Burden

When missiles strike refineries and cities burn, the damage is measured in casualties and territory. Far less visible is another front line: the atmosphere. In the first 14 days of the conflict involving Iran, an estimated 5 million tonnes of CO₂-equivalent emissions were released, roughly comparable to the annual footprint of a small state, and…

Systemic Conflict and Global Shockwaves: Rethinking the Structure of Modern Warfare

Systemic Conflict and Global Shockwaves: Rethinking the Structure of Modern Warfare

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Conflict has traditionally been understood as a transition from peace to war, defined by identifiable actors, geographic boundaries, and military engagements. Increasingly, however, this framework is becoming difficult to sustain. Contemporary conflict is less a discrete event and more a continuous process unfolding across multiple domains simultaneously, from military operations and cyber activity to financial…

Terrorism Rewired: Why Today’s Threat Landscape Is More Fragmented, Criminalised, and Global Than Ever

Terrorism Rewired: Why Today’s Threat Landscape Is More Fragmented, Criminalised, and Global Than Ever

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Written by Edward Penrose – 24.04.2026 For security leaders, policymakers, and risk professionals, the most dangerous mistake today is to assume that terrorism is receding simply because some of its older forms have weakened. Terrorism is not disappearing; instead, it is mutating. What analysts previously perceived as a relatively bounded problem of distinct organisations and…

Masked hacker with credit card at computer, symbolizing cybercrime and anonymity.

Ransomware as an Industry: Inside the Economics of Digital Extortion

ByElla Burden

When ransomware shuts down a pipeline, exposes hospital data, or forces a local authority offline, the disruption is often framed as a technical failure. In reality, these incidents represent the visible edge of something far more structured: a global criminal economy that increasingly mirrors the organisation of legitimate industry. Ransomware has evolved from opportunistic hacking…

Climate, Infrastructure, and Strategic Stability: Rethinking Security in a Physically Changing World

Climate, Infrastructure, and Strategic Stability: Rethinking Security in a Physically Changing World

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Climate change is no longer a distant or abstract risk in the context of global security. It is actively reshaping the physical environment in which military systems operate, altering the reliability of infrastructure, and introducing new forms of uncertainty into strategic decision-making. As Dr Florian Krampe of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) argues…

Woman writing on a protest sign during a demonstration against violence in an urban setting.

Violence as a Tax on Development: Growth, Risk, and Policy Failure in Latin America

ByElla Burden

Violent crime in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has for decades imposed a heavy toll on lives and economic performance. Outside of active war zones, the region remains the most violent in the world, accounting for roughly one-third of global homicides despite just 8% of the global population. The economic consequences are equally severe….